论侵权行为自体法的发展

On Development of the Proper Law of a Tort

侵权行为自体法理论是法律适用规则从僵化走向灵活的表现之一。该理论要求适用法律时必须给予多元化之考虑,它的第一要义应是灵活性和为案件选择最为适当的法律。最密切联系的方法则是满足这种追求的最为重要的方法之一,但侵权行为法律适用中灵活性的趋势与个案结果合理性的诉求,都在要求它自身不断发展。晚近,传统侵权法律适用理论排斥当事人意思自治原则的各种原因已然不再牢不可破,意思自治原则得到越来越多国家的认可和规定。在中国的司法实践中,该原则也得到了广泛的适用。侵权行为自体法作为一个概念,从其本意而言,只要能够选出侵权行为案件最为适当的法律,就可以纳入这一概念的范畴,当事人意思自治原则也不例外。

The doctrine of the proper law of the tort is a sign that the application of the law rules change from rigidity to flexibility.The doctrine requires multi-dimensional and comprehensive considerations when applying relevant laws.The primary meaning of this theory should be flexible application of law and the most proper law be chosen.The method of most significant relationship is the most important method to fulfill this objective.However,both the trend of flexibility and the rationality of individual case require the proper law of the tort further develop.Recently,the reasons which the traditional theory excludes the principle of party autonomy are no longer unbreakable.The principle of party autonomy has been stipulated in many countries' legislation.In Chinese judicial practice,it has also been applied in many cases.The principle of party autonomy should become a part of the proper law of the tort.