电能调频和运行备用同时优化的数学模型与结算价格分析

Mathematical Model and Clearing Price Analysis of Co-optimization of Energy Regulation and Operating Reserves

尽管电能、调频和运行备用属于不同的市场,但它们均是由发电机组或者参与需求响应的用电负荷提供的,由于其中部分提供者可以同时提供多种服务,因而对其进行联合优化的方法无疑优于采用电能、调频和运行备用按次序优化的方法。文中在对美国典型电力市场运行规则进行分析的基础上,给出了电能、调频和运行备用同时优化时的数学模型,推导出调频和各种运行备用结算价格的结算方法,分析了容量约束绑定情况下机会费用的计算公式,讨论了需求曲线的确定原则,分析了需求曲线对结算价格的影响。通过分析可以看出,采用电能、调频和运行备用同时联合优化的方法可以获得更好的优化效果。

Although energy,regulation and operating reserve are from different markets,they are provided by the generator or load of participating demand response.Since some of the providers can provide a variety of services simultaneously,the effect of the method of co-optimization of energy,regulation and operating reserve is undoubtedly better than orderly optimization.Based on an analysis of the typical American electricity market operation rules,a mathematical model for the co-optimization of energy,regulation and operating reserves is given in this paper.The clearing price of the regulation and operating reserves is derived,the opportunity cost is analyzed under different conditions where the capacity constraint is binding,the demand curve is introduced to limit the scarcity price of the operating reserves.It is seen through the analysis that the method of cooptimization of energy,regulation and operating reserve is able to yield better optimization results.