考虑EV换电站调度和区块链数据存储的电网分布式优化

Distributed Optimization of Power Grid Considering Dispatching of Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Stations and Data Storage of Blockchain

随着电动汽车规模的迅速增长和主动配电网的发展,对包含电动汽车的电力系统进行调度优化变得越来越重要。文中提出一种包含电动汽车换电站优化调度的三层分布式算法,相比于传统的中心化算法,该算法对于趋于分散布局的现代电力系统更加适用。在此基础上,构建了针对该模型的区块链数据存储与共识体系,保证所有历史数据不被篡改和可追溯。此外,提出了适用于该算法的电动汽车换电站车辆入网(V2G)的电价引导模型,能够准确地引导电动汽车换电站的V2G行为。针对优化运行中可能存在的线路阻塞问题,采用动态约束集法对优化结果进行了校正。最后,通过对15节点测试系统进行仿真,验证了该模型对于分布式电网布局的适用性。

With the rapid growth of electric vehicles and the development of active distribution networks,the dispatching optimization of power systems containing electric vehicles is increasingly important.In this paper,a three levels distributed algorithm including the dispatching optimization of electric vehicle battery swapping stations is proposed.When compared with traditional centralized algorithms,this distributed algorithm is more suitable for modern power systems with dispersed layouts.On this basis,a data storage of blockchain and consensus mechanism for this model is constructed to guarantee tamper resistance and traceability of all the historical data.In addition,a vehicle-to-grid(V2 G)pricing model for electric vehicle battery swapping stations is proposed,which can accurately guide the V2 G behaviors of electric vehicle battery swapping stations.For potential line congestions during the optimization process,a dynamic constraint set method is used to revise the optimization results.Finally,a 15-node test system is built to verify the applicability of the model in power systems with a distributed layout.