经济体制转轨下的无锡市城乡地域结构演变响应

A response study on the evolution of urban-rural regional structure under the transformation of economic system in Wuxi

城乡地域结构与经济体制响应关系研究,是从体制变革出发剖析中国城乡地域空间演变规律的重要视角。对比1978-2010年长三角地区无锡市城乡地域结构演变和中国经济体制转轨进程,发现二者变化阶段具有一致性,城—郊—乡地域结构向城乡一体化地域结构演变,响应计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨。通过选取经济体制核心要素(固定资产投资所有制结构)为体制变量、地域结构要素(城乡地域范围)为空间变量,建立基于向量自回归(VAR)模型的脉冲响应函数(IRF),刻画城乡地域空间对体制变量的响应状态,并利用方差分解函数(VD)进一步分析体制变量对城乡地域结构演变的贡献率。结果表明:1城乡地域结构中,城乡过渡地域对体制变量的响应强度最高;2城乡地域各个空间对私有经济投资变化均表现出响应强度相对较大、持续时间长的特征,城市建成区扩展对国有经济投资变化响应迅速,并呈负响应关系,而乡村建设用地增加主要响应集体经济投资变化;3在体制影响下,城市建成区和乡村自身发展状态的惯性对其演变依然长期起着重要作用,而城乡过渡地域的自身发展状态惯性在经济体制转轨影响下很快失去主导作用。

The research on the response relationship between urban-rural regional structure and economic system is one of the most important aspects to reveal the evolutionary process of China's urban-rural regional space from the perspective of insitituion transformation. With over 30 years of economic system transformation, the eco-society of China and its space carrier, urbanrural regional structure, have been undergoing a great change. In this paper, great conformance characteristic between urban-rural regional structure evolution and economic system transformation process could be found in Wuxi, a Yangtze River Delta area, during 1978-2010. The evolutionary process from urban-suburban-rural structure to urban-rural integration structure shows a response to the economic system transformation process from a planned economy to a socialist market economy. Through the selection of core economic system variables and regional structure variables, ownership structure of fixed asset investment and urban-rural space range are proved suitable for representing economic institutional and spatial structure respectively.And then, an Impulse Response Function(IRF) in Vector Auto-Regression(VAR) is constructed to reveal the response relationship from urban-rural regional structure to economic system variables. Variance Decomposition(VD) is also adopted to further analyze the contribution rate of economic system variables to urban-rural regional structure evolution. Experiment results show that the urban-rural transition area appears as the most dynamic area responding to the economic system variables in the urban-rural regional structure. Moreover, the response relationship between each part of the urban-rural regional structure and the privately-owned economy investment is characterized by high intension reponse which sustained for a long time. While the expansion of urban built-up area presents a rapid and negative response to state-owned economy investment, and the increase of rural construction land mainly responses to collectively-owned economy investment. Finally, with the influence of institution, the initial development status of urban built-up area and rural area still dominate their evolution tendency for a long time, while the evolution tendency of urban-rural transition area could be changed quickly due to the economic system transformation.