知识经济贡献度测度及其对北京城市发展的启示

Measurement of the contribution of Beijing knowledge economy

知识经济的快速发展,已成为驱动城市创新发展的重要因子,其贡献测度成为城市科学关注的热点。以北京为例,科学界定知识产业的范畴,构建流通、投入、存量、产出四维测度框架,应用层次分析法测度知识经济对北京城市发展的贡献度。结果表明:1信息化指数、研发投入比重、每万人口专利、知识产业比重能较好地刻画知识经济的贡献度;2北京城市发展的知识经济贡献率逐年提高,已接近70%;3北京城市知识经济贡献度提高的主要驱动因子是知识产业增加值占GDP比重和信息化。

With the rapid development of knowledge economy, the measurement of its contribution has become the focus of economics research. Taking Beijing as the study area, this paper constructs a comprehensive index system of knowledge economy, based on the scientific division of knowledge industry. Analytic hierarchy process is applied in this paper to measure the contribution of knowledge economy in Beijing. It turns out that the informationization index,the proportion of R&D(Research and Development) in GDP(Gross Domestic Product), number of patents per ten thousand population, and the knowledge industry share show the contribution of knowledge economy. The knowledge economy contribution rate in Beijing city has increased year by year, which is close to 70%. The increment of the total level of Beijing's knowledge economy mainly relies on the stable increment of the proportion of knowledge industry in GDP and the stable development of informationization. Beijing's knowledge economy contribution rate has increased steadily. The contribution rate fluctuated in 2001 and 2002, and went to a peak in 2006, which maintains the overall upward trends. Since 2004, the contribution rate of the increment of knowledge economy(in GDP) to the overall increment of GDP maintains between 31% and 65%. In 2001, it reached 69%.The contribution rate of the informatization index to the overall index maintains between 20% and 35%. The contribution of both the patents number per ten thousand population and the increment rate of knowledge economy fluctuated greatly in the recent decade, which was affected by the proportion of the increment of knowledge economy in the increment of GDP and the informatization index. The contribution analysis shows that in recent 5 years, the improvement of Beijing's overall knowledge economy mainly relies on the steady increment of the proportion of the knowledge industry output in GDP and the stable development of informatization. The analysis of the contribution rate also is of realistic economic significance, and can provide reference to the development of knowledge economy in other areas.