黄山市古村落综合品质空间分异——基于101个古村落的实证调研

Spatial differentiation of comprehensive quality for ancient villages in Huangshan city:Based on empirical investigations of 101 ancient villages

古村落综合品质提升是解决保护与利用矛盾的关键,对于古村落可持续发展具有重要意义。以黄山市101个古村落为研究对象,构建黄山市古村落综合品质评价指标体系,运用GIS空间分析探讨古村落综合品质空间分异特征。结果表明:作为综合评价目标层的生态支撑品质、居住设施品质、经济发展品质、历史文化品质得分分别为4.23、3.50、3.27、2.87,历史文化品质已成为制约黄山市古村落综合品质提升的瓶颈因子;古村落综合品质空间梯度变化显著,呈现东北向西南降低的趋势,形成古村落综合品质高(较高)、低(较低)两大明显的异质性区域;城市经济和基础设施对古村落综合品质影响显著,"城市—乡村"、高速公路和风景区空间梯度变化明显。

The promotion of comprehensive quality plays key roles in solving ancient villages' problems and enhancing its sustainable development. This study samples 101 ancient villages in Huangshan city as cases. A set of indicators for comprehensive quality on evaluating ancient villages is constructed, and the spatial difference of these indicators is studied through GIS. The results indicate the scores for ecological capacity quality, residential facilities quality, economic development quality and history culture quality, are 4.23, 3.50, 3.27 and 2.87 respectively, and the history culture quality has become a constraint for improving comprehensive quality of ancient villages in Huangshan city. The spatial gradients are obvious, and suggest that comprehensive quality of ancient villages decreased from northeast to southwest, corresponding to the higher and lower heterogeneity regions. It is also indicated that the influences of urban economy and infrastructure on ancient villages are significant, and the spatial gradients for urban-rural area, expressways and scenic areas are obvious.