城市意象热点空间特征分析——以南京为例

The characteristics of imagery hot space:A case study of Nanjing

在社会调查、空间数据处理与建模分析基础上,系统探析了南京城市意象热点与居民感知、城市道路结构、特色意象区形成及其与城市历史街区功能更新的内在关系,形成对南京未来城市意象发展的四点建议:1改变崇尚宏大体量和现代风格倾向,在尊重南京文脉和市民需求的基础上更新城市功能;2通过热点植入盘活意象缺失区域,但需尊重热点和城市道路集成度联动发展的城市自组织机制,并注意街巷空间和生活次节点的保留;3意象热点的集聚区应该为重点打造的特色意象区,注重提供多样化活动平台和休憩设施,并和城市传统紧密结合,注意热点空间的均衡分布,并在步行范围内组织;4从热点空间和功能置换着手可缓解交通压力并促进城市动态更新。

The spatial mechanism of imagery hot spot has been systematically studied by means of spatial analysis, with the solid foundation of exhaustive data preparation. According to questionnaires on residents' recognition of imagery hot spots, spatial data obtained via digitization of historical maps and remote- sensing images, and one- week road conditions are acquired, in order to provide reference to historic preservation and urban human environments.Last but not least, by analyzing the convergences between city image, road integration, formation of characteristic image districts, and the function replacement of historical blocks and imagery hot spot, this paper draws several conclusions.Imagery hot spot is a vital carrier of urban activities that animates urban public space. Due to its historical stability and high recognition, imagery hot spots provide important points of reference, physically and psychologically, that serves as image signs that make up the whole impression of the city. Our study reveals that citizens prefer imagery hot spots closely associated with living facilities and places which enjoy a long history and culture, while skyscrapers with modern flavor are not treasured, despite government assumptions. Nanjing has a long history as an ancient capital with urban images dating back to the Six Dynasties and stylistic influence from the Republican Period, combined with the image of metropolis that can provide various services to the residents. In the process of the urban renewal, the municipal government should abandon its propensity for huge projects and modern styles that convey confusing signals to citizens, and should consider public sentiment and historical contexts with more care.The study reveals correlation between developing imagery hot spots and city road structure. Roads of high integration have good reachability and thereby attract people, while the hot spots themselves strengthen the convergence ability of road space as a result of its visual prominence. In this case, they act as the linkage mechanism for shaping a highly recognizable district. The government can maximize the potential of this mechanism and activate those stagnant districts by establishing imagery hot spots. However, they should also pay close attention to whether mental schema of residents diverges from artificial spatial expansion, which would lead to disparity between image space and entity space and the loss of life sub-nodes during urban changes.Imagery hot spot cluster district should be a characteristic image area that requires key construction component. These districts can serve as the destinations for leisure and entertainment or tourism. They provide a landscape that is closely related to urban culture and create recreational destinations for communication. The imagery hot spot should be evenly distributed within the region and planned in walkable scale. The imagery hot spot can be viewed as a forum for various activities. Both function replacement and spatial reconfiguration of the hot spot can be strategically transformed. Research has shown that a highly developed city center will harm the preservation of the historical heritage sites. A lack of order and coherency among different functions can be a heavy burden of the obsolete road network. The reconfiguration and replacement, under this condition, can not only relieve traffic congestion, improve the declining serviceability of public infrastructure, and protect the history of the city, but also regenerate and establish a clear impression of Hexi New Town.