中国城市网络的空间组织特征研究——基于开发区联系的视角

Spatial organization characteristics of urban network in China:An analysis based on linkages between China's national-level development zones

城市网络研究是全球化和信息化背景下城市研究领域的前沿热点。基于开发区数据,借助引力模型构建了中国城市关联网络,并采用社会网络分析方法对网络发育特征进行了研究。研究显示:①城市网络中心度呈现为少数城市占主导的金字塔结构,网络覆盖城市具有沿海、沿江和地方中心三个指向。高新区城市关联网络由珠三角和长三角城市群内的城市共同主导,经开区城市关联网络由长三角地区城市主导。②城市网络从城市群内部开始向其他区域扩展,并从团簇结构逐步向鸟巢结构转变。高新区和经开区城市关联网络在哈尔滨-成都-深圳(广州)-福州-上海围合成的网络密集区内分别呈现北密南疏和东密西疏的非对称格局。③基于国家级开发区所形成的两类城市网络均表现出极弱的多中心特征。随着时间的推移两类网络的多中心趋势均在增强。④板块经济的运行以及城市群战略的实施对城市网络联系具有积极的影响。基于国家级开发区数据,测度了城市间的关联网络,结果反映了开发区政策对于中国城市网络体系重构的重要作用,不仅对于理解中国城市关联网络的演化具有重要意义,而且为城市网络研究提供了新的数据源。

Urban network research has been an important frontier in urban research area with globalization and informatization.This paper constructed the inter-city linkages at prefecture level in China based on national-level development zones data and gravity model.Social network analysis methods were employed to analyze the urban network characteristics.The results indicate that:(1)The centrality of cities featured by a pyramid structure dominated a small number of cities including political center cities,coastal cities and resource-based cities.Both YRD and PRD cities occupied an important and outstanding position in HTIDZ-based urban network.YRD cities occupied an important and outstanding position in ETDZ-based urban network.(2)Urban network rooted in urban agglomeration and expanded from east to middle,west and northeast of China.The urban network structure transfered from clusters structure to nest structure.Both HTIDZ-and ETDZ-based urban networks present an asymmetric density pattern in the enclosure area surrounded by Harbin-Chengdu-Shenzhen(Guangzhou)-Fuzhou-Shanghai.The density of the north part was higher than that of the south part of the enclosure area of HTIDZ-based urban network.The density of the east part was higher than that of the west part of the enclosure area of ETDZ-based urban network.(3)Obvious concentration characteristics were concluded by the low polycentric index and the multi-center trend is increasing over time.(4)Both urban agglomeration strategy and domain economy have positive effects on urban network connection according to the regional clique analysis.The research results indicate that industry zones policy played and will play an important role in urban network reconfiguration,which provides a new data source and a unique perspective for understanding the urban network evolution of China.