企业间共性技术虚拟研发的模式选择

Mode selection of virtual R&D of generic technology between enterprises

以合资研究企业(RJV)和许可交叉协议(CLA)2种创新合作虚拟研发模式为例,分析了影响合作研发模式选择的企业层面因素,通过建立规划模型得出:企业合作研发的模式选择存在一个阈值,如果企业合作研发项目的期望价值小于该阈值,则企业倾向于采用CLA模式,反之则倾向于RJV模式;当企业之间的合作时间很长时,倾向于采用RJV模式;当企业之间拥有的专有技术知识存量差异很大时,企业之间的合作模式倾向于选择CLA模式;当合作企业的吸收能力都很小时,倾向于采用RJV模式,当有一个企业的吸收能力很大时,则倾向于CLA模式.并在上述结论的基础上解释了现实中股权型合作研发企业中,股权的比例相等及CLA模式中双方相互许可费用为零的内在机理.

The impact factors of research and development(R&D) mode selection on enterprise' levels were studied by examples of two typical virtual R&D innovative cooperation,research joint ventures(RJV) and cross-licensing agreement(CLA).By establishing and analyzing the enterprise planning model,this paper concludes that there exists a threshold value of enterprise R&D mode selection.If the business R&D cooperation projects' expectant value is less than this threshold,the CLA mode is preferred,otherwise the RJV mode is preferred.The RJV mode is preferred when the cooperation period is long;the CLA mode is preferred when the difference of proprietary knowledge between enterprises is remarkable.Based on these,the inner mechanism of equal equity ratios in RJV and that of free license fees in CLA are also explained.