摘要
目前普遍的建筑节能工作过于重视空调能耗,分析空调能耗时又过于重视空调负荷,而分析空调负荷时又过于重视围护结构的优化。从而,照明、设备、被动式策略等其他节能的重要因素往往被忽视。建筑设计的各阶段中,最初的方案阶段是节能潜力较大但却较容易被忽视的阶段。因为在该阶段缺乏建模的输入条件,模拟分析难度相对较大。同时,目前的节能规范局限在围护结构和系统设备的参数限定上,而评价标准局限于"条目罗列式"的评价方法。这些方式提升了可操作性,但很多情况下无法正确地引导节能设计。鉴于以上分析,笔者提出一种新的建筑节能设计方法,该方法着眼于实现最小的建筑整体能量需求,立足在建筑方案设计阶段,开发一个"预测优化"的程序,合理地对建筑方案设计进行模拟辅助设计优化。
At present,the HVAC energy is often overemphasized in the field of energy saving.While,the HVAC load is of the first importance when analyzing the HVAC energy.And the envelope optimization accounts for much consideration of HVAC load analysis.Hence other critical factors in energy saving design,including lighting,HVAC system and the passive design are always neglected.In the design stages,the scheme design stage has a significant effect on energy saving but easily ignored.Because the input information is lacked of,the modeling is very difficult.Meanwhile,the energy saving guidelines mainly focuses on the limits of parameters in envelope and HVAC system.The estimate standard usually uses the way of 'entries list'.All of these enhance the operability,but cannot righteously guide the energy saving design.Based on it,a new energy saving design method is established,which aims for the minimum whole building energy demand and matches the scheme design stage.An optimize program is developed,used as aided design tool to optimize the scheme design reasonably.
