摘要
性能目标导向的建筑设计方法是在设计阶段选取合适的建筑性能作为目标函数,通过模拟辅助设计的方式,获得该建筑性能最优方案的设计方法。本研究选取规定地块内日照条件满足下板式住宅容积率作为优化的目标函数,调研了当前参数化方式结合遗传算法进行建筑性能优化的案例,针对现有优化方法滞后于建筑设计、建筑位置与数量无法优化的不足,选用Rhino&Grasshopper作为优化工具,在最大建筑数量基础上减少超出用地范围的建筑,实现了建筑数量位置优化。研究通过软件内置遗传算法的优化计算,在建筑师设计之前,自动生成容积率最大的建筑排布方式,将优化工作适用的时间阶段提前,建筑面积与通常排布相比增加32.9%。
Performance objective-oriented building design method is a way of choosing the appropriate building performance as the objective function in the design phase and obtaining the best value of the selected performance of the building through simulation aided design.This paper selects the floor area ratio of plate dwelling in the given site with guaranteed sunshine as the objective function.It also studies the cases of optimizing the building performance by combining parameterization with genetic algorithms.Aiming at the situations that the existing optimization method lags behind the architectural design and that the location and quantity of buildings cannot be optimized,this paper chooses Rhino & Grasshopper as the optimization tool.The number of buildings outside the planning area can be decreased so that the location and quantity can be optimized.The best arrangement can be calculated through genetic algorithm built in Grasshopper before the design of architects,so that the applicable time period of optimization work can be moved up and the total floor area of buildings can be improved as high as 32.9% compared with the normal way.
