严寒地区开放式办公空间自然通风数值模拟与设计策略研究

STUDY ON NATURAL VENTILATION SIMULATION AND DESIGN STRATEGY FOR OPEN OFFICE SPACE IN SEVERE COLD AREA

合理的建筑设计可增强室内自然通风,改善室内的舒适度。由于开放式办公空间人员与设备的密集程度较高,空间进深较大,室内的温度与空气环境常需要空调与机械通风来解决,浪费了大量的能源。通过建筑设计手段促进室内自然通风,增加自然通风的利用率,是实现节能的有效途径。本文运用airpak软件,针对外界环境与自身空间设计的不同情况,对哈尔滨地区典型开放式办公空间进行室内风速分布、平均空气龄、温度场分布及室内PMV分布的单侧通风模拟。分析模拟结果表明,不同风的投射角度及风速可通过不同的进风口与出风口对位关系及窗户开启面积来改变。从而改善室内气流组织,引导通风路径,使室内温度及PMV分布相对均匀,在一定程度上改善开放式办公室内的通风效果与空气环境质量。

The reasonable architectural design can enhance the indoor natural ventilation and improve indoor comfort. Due to the high intensity of personnel and equipment as well as the large depth of the space, the indoor temperature and air environment of the open office always need to be solved by air conditioning and mechanical ventilation, which wastes a lot of energy. Promoting the indoor natural ventilation and improving the utilization rate by using proper architecture design methods are effective ways to save energy. According to the different situations of external environment and internal space design, Airpak is used to simulate the indoor air velocity distribution, the mean age of air, the distribution of temperature field, and the indoor PMV in a typical open office space in Harbin. The simulation result indicates that, by changing different air inlets or outlets and the opening area of windows, different projection angles and wind speeds can be realized to improve the organization of indoor airflow, guide the ventilation path, and make indoor temperature and PMV distribution relatively balanced, so as to improve the effectiveness of nature ventilation and air quality of the open office space to a certain extent.