后弹力层角膜内皮移植术的研究进展

New progress of corneal descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty

随着眼科手术技术的不断发展,角膜内皮移植术取得了很大进展,已经代替穿透性角膜移植术成为了治疗角膜内皮病变的首选术式。后弹力层角膜内皮移植术仅用供体Descemet的角膜上皮层、前弹力层和基质层,尽可能维持了眼表的完整性,且植片无缝线,手术损伤小,视力恢复快,是角膜内皮移植手术的发展趋势。文章主要就后弹力层角膜内皮移植术的发展进程、手术方式、并发症等方面进行综述。

With the continuous development of the ophthalmic surgical techniques,great progress has been made in corneal endothelial keratoplasty,which has become the preferred surgical method for treating corneal endothelial lesions instead of penetrating keratoplasty.Among all the advanced technologies,descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty(DMEK)replaces injured endotheli?al cells with only healthy donor endothelium and descemet membrane,which retains the patients′healthy corneal epithelium,Bow?man’s membrane and the stroma.So it can maintain the integrity of the ocular surface as far as possible.Also,with the sutureless su?ture,DMEK provides small surgical injury and rapidly visual recovery,it is the development trend of corneal endothelial keratoplasty.In this paper,we review the development course,operation methods,complications and so on of DMEK.