遗产保护中地方法规的作用和意义——以市级历史文化名城保护条例为例

The Function and Impact of Local Laws and Regulations in Heritage Protection:The Municipal Regulations on Historical Cities as an Example

在我国的法律体系中,地方法规在内容上非常广泛,并且具有优于上一级法规的可能性。市级历史文化名城保护条例是遗产保护中地方法规的一个重要环节,它实现了对国家级法律的解释和落实,具有较强的针对性和前瞻性,并将学术成果转化为法规条文使其发挥应有的作用。但它目前的状况也存在一些问题,这些问题包括:在原则问题上存在偏差;与规划的关系不清;概念和术语不规范;缺少实质性突破;等等。认清这些意义和问题对于充分发挥地方法规的作用,优化我国建筑遗产保护工作具有较为重要的现实意义。

In Chinese legal system, local laws and regulations address extensive issues and surpass the upper level ones in some cases. The municipal regulation on historical cities serves as an important link in local legislation system on heritage protection. It helps with the interpretation and implementation of the national regulations and is often pointed and prospective. It enables academic findings to play a role in reality by transforming them into legislative articles. However, it also contains some problems, for example, the deviation in some principal issues, the overlapping with master planning, the missing of standardization in terminology, and the lack of substantial breakthroughs. To recognize its significance and understand the existing problems may help the functioning of the local regulations and the architectural heritage conservation in China.