标记理论的静动二态性阐释

Interpretation on Markedness Theory in Dynamic and Static Conditions

标记理论是结构主义语言学中最重要的理论之一。经过语言学研究者的不懈努力和探究,该理论已经形成了自身的独立体系,并迅速运用到其他研究领域。本文首先简要介绍了标记理论的概念及发展完善过程,然后对标记理论静动两种状态下不同的特征体现进行了阐释:在静态下,标记理论可以分为形式标记、分布标记和语义标记,这三种标记的区分是静止的、不变的。同时,在跨文化语言交际、不同的语境及间接语言行为中,语言成分的标记部分往往是变动的,处于一种动态之中。本文旨在阐释标记理论的不同形态及在不同形态下的具体表现,促进标记理论研究的进一步发展。

Markedness theory is one of the most important theory in structural linguistics which has had a complete system of its own with many linguists' untiring efforts and applied to other research fields.This paper begins with a brief description of its concept,development and integrity,and then emphasizes on the interpretation on its different features in dynamic and static conditions.In the static condition,we often classify the markedness theory into three parts:formal marking,distributional marking and semantic marking which are fixed and unchangeable.Meanwhile,the marked parts are changing in some such situations as intercultural communication,different context and indirect speech act.This paper is aimed to describe the features of the markedness theory and promote its further study.