大型火电成套机组的可靠性设计及验证方法

Reliability Design and Verification of Large Capacity Thermal Power Units

建立了火电成套机组的可用度计算模型,提出了大型火电成套机组等效可用系数和等效强迫停运率的设计值的计算方法以及等效可用系数设计值的可靠性验证方法,通过4个火电厂9台超超临界1 000MW火电成套机组的45个台年运行数据统计结果的可靠性验证,给出了火电成套机组的强迫停运率修正系数和机组降低出力系数的统计结果以及超超临界1 000MW火电成套机组等效可用系数设计值的计算实例与验证实例.结果表明:等效可用系数设计值的相对误差范围为-0.55%~3.37%;应用这些可靠性设计方法,可以在设计阶段定量计算大型火电成套机组的等效可用系数和等效强迫停运率的设计值,为大型火电成套机组的可靠性设计和改进提供依据.

Models for availability calculation of thermal power units were established,while calculation methods proposed for corresponding equivalent availability factor and equivalent forced outage rate,together with reliability verification methods suggested for design values of the equivalent availability factor.Statistical results for correction factor of forced outage rate and derating factor of thermal power units were given,simultaneously with a calculation example and verifaction practice shown for the equivalent availability factor,based on 45-year operation data of nine 1 000 MW ultra-supercritical power units in four thermal power plants.Results show that the relative error of equivalent availability factor is between-0.55%and 3.37%.These reliability design methods may be used in quantitative calculation of the equivalent availability factor and forced outage rate,which therefore may serve as a reference for reliability design and improvement of large thermal power units.