鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬地震采集技术进展

Seismic acquisition techniques progress for loess hills,in southern of Ordos Basin

鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬地区油气资源丰富,但是受表层复杂黄土地质地貌影响,一度被认为是地震勘探的'禁区'.经过几十年来地球物理学者对黄土塬采集方法不断的理论创新与实践验证,已经具备了一套成熟的、适合于黄土塬的地震勘探技术.本文主要是对鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬目前比较成熟的地震采集技术现状进行介绍,包括:经过多年的实践,已经形成一套成熟的表层结构调查方法开展表层结构精细调查,来指导地震波的逐点激发因素设计;为了确保激发子波的能量和频带,通过'多井组合、基于岩性、含水性'的逐点井深设计;提出的黄土塬沟中弯线法、山地多线法、蛛网状三维、滚动非纵和三维等一系列的高效益、低成本地震观测系统,解决了黄土塬地震勘探的诸多难点问题.最后,对未来黄土塬地震采集技术的发展趋势进行展望.

There are abundant oil and gas in the loess plateau in the southern part of the Ordos Basin,but influenced by geology and geomorphology of the complex loess surface,which once is considered as the'forbidden zone'of seismic exploration.The geophysicists have made constant theoretical innovations and practices over the acquisition methods of the loess plateau over several decades,a mature suit of seismic exploration technology suitable for loess plateau is available.This message mainly introduces the current situation of the seismic acquisition technology of loess plateau in the Ordos Basin,including:there have formed a mature suit of surface structure survey methods to carry out detailed investigation of the surface structure to guide the point-by-point excitation design of seismic waves;to ensure the ability and frequency band of exciting wavelet,through multi-well combination,based on lithology,water-based point-by-point well depth design;a series of high efficiency,low cost seismic observation system that proposed have solved the significant and difficult problem in the loess plateau such as loess plateau curve line method,mountain multi-line method,cobweb three-dimensional method,scroll non-line method and 3 D method.Finally,the future developing trend of seismic acquisition technology of loess plateau is prospected.