印楝的世界地理分布与引种栽培概况

Global Distribution and Introduction Cultivation State of Azadirachta indica

印楝在原产地和广泛引种的地区被誉为神奇之树 ,在热带干旱和半干旱地区的植被恢复和环境治理中发挥了重要作用。印楝的起源地被认为是印 -巴次大陆及南亚和东南亚的干旱地区 ,约一百年前引种非州和拉丁美洲 ,中国最早于 2 0世纪 80年代引种于雷州半岛和海南 ,1995年引种云南干热河谷地区 ,种植面积正迅速扩大。

Azadirachta indica was praised as 'charming tree' at the origin and introduced areas. It played a promising role in revegetation and environmental improvement of arid and semi_arid regions of tropical area. It was generally accepted that Azadirachta indica was originated in the India_Pakistan subcontinent, and arid areas of South Asia and South_east Asia. It was firstly introduced to Africa and Latin America around one hundred years ago. China introduced Azadirachta indica from 1980s', first to Leizhou peninsula and Hainan islands, in 1995, it was introduced to dry and hot valley areas of Yunnan province. The Azadirachta indica cultivation area in China was rapidly increasing.