小麦栽培管理知识模型系统的设计与实现

Design and implementation of a knowledge model system for wheat management

在总结、归纳和提炼小麦栽培理论与技术的研究成果和知识积累的基础上 ,运用系统学方法和结构化途径 ,建立了具有时空适应性的小麦栽培管理动态知识模型系统 ,用于确定不同环境条件和生产系统下的小麦生育特征及栽培管理技术方案。系统包括 :产量水平与产量结构、主要品质指标、品种类型、播种期、基本苗、播种量、适宜生育期 ;主要生育期的茎蘖数、叶龄、叶面积指数、生物量等动态指标 ;有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率和粒叶比等源库指标 ;氮、磷、钾肥料运筹及主要生育期的水分管理等。本系统克服了传统作物栽培模式与专家系统的地域性强和广适性差的不足 ,从而为实现作物栽培管理的定量化和信息化奠定了基础。

By summarizing,inducing,and extracting research achievements and knowledge accumulations in wheat cultivation theory and technology,and using system method and structural approach,a dynamic knowledge model was developed for wheat crop management under different spatial and temporal environments.The model can make decisions on wheat growth and development characters and management techniques,which include desired yield level and components,grain quality characters,variety type,sowing date,population density,development stages,and time course tiller number,leaf age,leaf area index and biomass,source sink indices such as effective and highly effective leaf area rate,grain number and weight per unit leaf area,and fertilization and water management.The knowledge model overcomes the shortcomings of traditional crop cultivation model and expert system,such as site specific and narrow applicability,and thus provides a framework for quantitative and informative crop management decision making.