长江上游亚高山峨眉冷杉林地被物层界面水分传输规律研究

Study on Water Transport in Interface of Litters and Moss in Abies fabri Forest of Upper Reach of Yangtze River

长江上游亚高山峨眉冷杉林地被物层平均降雨截留为 2 .4～ 2 .9mm,对林下降雨的平均截留率在 2 0 %～30 %之间。地被物层各组分对降雨的截留作用大小排序为枯枝落叶层 >苔藓层 >腐殖质层。初始含水量、降雨量和降雨强度是影响地被物层水分传输的主导因子。地被物层截留与雨强、初始含水量均呈负相关 ,与降雨量在一定范围内呈正相关 ,但当地被物吸水达到其截留极值点后 ,完全成为一层水流通道 ,只起阻延水流速度的作用。文中最后提出如何解决地被物截留作用的可比性问题将是森林水文的一个难点。

Maximum interception capacity and interception ratio of litters and moss in subalpine Abies fabri forest of upper reach of Yangtze River are between 2.4～2.9mm and 20%～30% respectively. Interception capacity of different components of litters and moss rank as follows: litters layer>moss layer>humus layer. Initial water content, precipitation quantity and precipitation intensity are the major factors influencing water transport in litters and moss layer. Interception capacity and interception ratio decrease with the increasing of precipitation intensity and initial water content and rise with the increasing of precipitation. When precipitation quantity exceeds the threshold of interception capacity of litters and moss, the litters and moss layer will loss its interception function and only maintain its runoff deterrence role. At last, that how to solve the comparability problems in measuring the interception function of litters and moss is still a problem in forest hydrology research is proposed.