温度对玉米蚜发育和繁殖的影响

Effect of Temperature on Development and Reproduction of Rhopalosiphum Maidis

5种恒温条件下 ,研究了玉米蚜的生长发育及繁殖规律。在 1 0～ 2 5℃时 ,随温度的升高 ,若蚜的发育速率加快 ,发育历期缩短 ;无翅蚜若虫期的发育起点温度为 3.0 3℃ ,有效积温为 1 2 .80日度 ,有翅蚜若虫期的发育起点温度为 4 .32℃ ,有效积温为 1 35 ,33日度 ;在 1 5～ 30℃时 ,若蚜存活率为 6 2 .8%～ 84 .9% ,1 0℃和35℃时 ,若蚜存活率下降到 1 3.6 %和 36 .3% ;平均寿命随温度升高而缩短 ;不同温度下繁殖能力不同 ,2 5℃时繁殖能力最强 ,每雌平均产仔量无翅蚜为 38.5头 ,有翅蚜为 35 .1头。2 5℃为玉米蚜生长发育及繁殖的最适温度。

The development and reproduction of Rhopalosiphum maidis were evaluated at 5 constant temperature (10℃,15℃,20℃,25℃ and 30℃). The development rate increased with the rising of temperature in the range of 10~25℃.The development zero and cumulative temperature of apterous nymph was 3.03℃ and 126.80DD,alate nymph 4.32℃ and 135.33DD respectively.The percentages of survivorship of immature stages varied from 62.8% to 84.9% within the temperature range of 15~30℃.However,survivorships were reduced to 13.6% and 36.3% at 10℃ and 35℃,respectively.The average longevity ranged from 44.7 d to 16.8 d at 10~30℃ .The capability of reproduction was the most at 25℃.The average progeny per female of apterous and alate was 38.5 and 35.1 ,respectively .The optimal temprature of development and reproduction was at 25℃.