几丁质酶与植物的抗病性

Chitinase and Plant Disease Resistance

综述了几丁质酶在植物抗病性方面的研究进展。几丁质酶在体外抑制病原菌的生长 ;病原物的侵染诱导植物几丁质酶活性升高和产生新的几丁质酶同工酶 ,这些高活性的几丁质酶或特异性的同工酶提高了植物的抗病性 ;构成组成型表达几丁质酶基因的转基因植物 ,可有效地抵抗病原物的侵袭。由于几丁质酶和病原菌的多样性及其在植物体内分布的不同 ,使得各种几丁质酶在植物抗病性中的作用也不尽一样。

The recent progress of research on chitinase in plant disease resistance is reviewed in this paper. Purified chitinase from the infected plants inhibits phytopathogen in vitro. The pathogens infection induced the chitinase activity increase and the chitinase isozymes change. The high chitinase activity or specific chitinase isozymes have enhanced disease resistance of plant. The constitutive expression of chitinase genes of the transgenic plant can be effective against pathogens infection. Different chitinase plays a different role in disease resistance of various plants because both various chitinases and phytopathogens are different distribution in infected plant.