猕猴桃人工授粉技术研究

Study on Artificial Pollination Technique of Kiwifruit

猕猴桃果实种子的数量与果实重量呈显著直线相关 ,生产重量 1 0 0 g以上的果实需要 85 0粒种子 ;直接对花授粉及毛笔粘花粉涂抹授粉的效果最好 ,简易授粉器 +花粉混合物及简易授粉器 +花粉混合物稀释 1倍次之。雌花开放后 1～ 2 d的授粉效果最好 ,第 4天授粉坐果率显著降低 ;花粉在干燥的室温 (温度 2 0～2 2℃ ,RH 6 8%～ 71 % )条件下贮藏 1 2 0 h授粉的坐果率能够达到 1 0 0 % ,但随着贮藏时间的延长 ,授粉后果实的重量逐渐降低 ,以贮藏 2 4～ 4 8h的授粉效果最好。

There is a linear correlation between fruit seed number and fruit weight, it needs 850 seeds to produce a fruit over 100 grams. Among artificial pollination methods,smearing with male flower and smearing with sticking pollen hair pen have best results; spraying pollen mixture and spaying pollen mixture diluted 1 time with simple pollinator belong to the next. One～2 days after female flower opening is the best time for pollination, fruit setting percentage decreases significantly on 4th day after flower opening. Pollen stored 120 hours at room temperature in dry condition(temperature 20～22 ℃,RH 68%～71%) could get 100% fruit setting, fruit weight decreases as extending of pollen storage, with the best result from 24～48 hour storage.