宁南半干旱偏旱区旱作糜子田水分利用调控技术研究

Techniques of Water Use Control of Dryland Broomcorn Millet Field on Semiarid Prone to Drought Area of South Ningxia

1997～ 1 999年在国家宁南 (海原 )旱农试区设置田间定位试验 ,研究了不同肥力梯度、抗旱制剂拌种、抑蒸集水措施对宁南旱地糜子生长、产量、WUE的影响。试验结果表明 :1在十分有限降水条件下 ,施肥能促进糜子植株生长 ,提高糜子产量与 WUE;2采用黄腐酸钠和吸水树脂拌种 ,在糜子生育中后期能显著促进糜子植株生长 ,分别使糜子增产 7.35 %和 7.4 1 % ,使 WUE增加 0 .0 4 4kg/m3和 0 .0 99kg/m3 ,施肥和抗旱制剂拌种结合有利于提高旱地糜子产量与 WUE;3在 9种抑蒸集水措施中 ,以“吸水树脂拌种 +黄腐酸钠拌种 +地膜覆盖”处理抑蒸集水效果最好 ,促进旱地糜子生长的作用较大 ,比对照增产 5 2 .6 % ,WUE增加 0 .5 2 6kg/m3。

The site-specific field experiments for affection of growth, grain yield and WUE of dryland broomcorn millet under fertilization, drought resistant chemicals and measures of evaporation control and water collection were carried out at the state dryland farming experiment station (on Haiyuan county) of south Ningxiaf in 1997～1999. The experiment results as follows: ① Fertilization can promote plant growth of broomcorn millet and increase grain yield and WUE of broomcorn millet under very limited precipitation. ② Seed dressing with fulvic acid (FA) and hydro-absorbent gel (HAG) can promote plant growth remarkably in the middle and late growth period of broomcorn millet, and increase grain yield 7.35% and 7.41% separately and enhance WUE 0.044 kg/m 3 and 0.099 kg/m 3 respectively. The combination of fertilization and drought resistant chemicals is good for increasing yield and WUE of broomcorn millet on dryland. ③ Among 9 evaporation control and water collection measures, 'HAG and FA seed dressing combined with film mulch' is the best one to have effect on growth of dryland broomcorn millet. Under this treatment, grain yield increase 52.6% and WUE increase 0.526 kg/m 3.