有机与无机肥配合对红壤稻田系统生产力及其土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Inorganic-organic Fertilizer Incorporation on Productivity and Soil Fertility of Rice Cropping System in Red Soil Area of China

10年田间定位试验结果表明 ,以无肥 (CK)为对照 ,有机物循环处理 (C)可增产 5 6 .5 %,NPK配合增产6 2 .5 %,有机与无机肥配合增产 80 .7%;施肥实现的水稻产量中由于化肥应用所占的贡献份额为 38.5 %,有机与无机肥配合施用所占的贡献份额为 44 .7%;随着NPK配合程度的提高 ,土壤有机质含量由降低到基本平衡 ,有机与无机肥配合能有效地促进土壤有机质的积累 ;氮、磷和钾进入红壤稻田系统及系统内有机物循环利用 ,可增强土壤氮、磷和钾养分库。

Ten-year (1990-1999) field located experimental results indicated that the productivity and the soil fertility of rice cropping system were significantly influenced by the fertilization system adopted in red soil area of China. Contrasting with no-fertilizer treatment, yield-increase rate of organic matter cycling treatment, NPK and inorganic-organic fertilizer incorporation treatments was 56.5%, 62.5% and 80.7%, respectively. In the case of optimum fertilization system, the largest contribution portion of inorganic fertilizer applied was 38.5% while that of inorganic-organic fertilizer incorporation was 44.7%. The content of soil organic matter was changed from decrease to equilibrium with heightening the extent of N, P and K incorporation. Inorganic-organic fertilizer incorporation could effectivelly promote the organic matter to be accumulated in the soil. After N, P and K entered into rice cropping system and organic matter cycling of system had been maintained, the pools of total N, P and K could be strengthened.