明清之际中国科学的增长:定量描述和动因分析

The Growth of Science in China during Ming and Ching Dynasties: Quantitative Description and Analysis for its Motivation

本文运用统计书目方法具体描述明清之际(十七世纪)中国科学的增长状况,并着重从社会学角度分析和探讨各种可能影响和促成这一历史现象发生的因素。一、描述:增长的状况 1.总体描述我们选择《四库全书总目》作为描述明清之际科学书籍出产量变化情况的统计依据,将其中“天文历算类”、“地理类河渠之属”、“农学类”、“医学类”著录和存目之书,

By sciologicaal metheod, this paper have studied the historical phenomenon that Chinese science grew rapidly during Ming and Ching Dynasties. The bibliographical sta- tistics for describing the growth of sciences totally and each discipline during that period has been applied, the social and cultural factors that probably stimulated scien- ce has also been analysed. Among so called social factors, the economical development, for its close relation with the growth of science in time and space, was the most im- portant one. However, the social political turbulence was a important factor too. The Occurrence of the practical learning during Ming and Ching dynasties had provided a good cultural soil for the growth of science.