生物医用材料和组织工程技术在组织修复中的应用及进展

Application and progress of biomaterial and tissue engineering in tissue repair

组织缺损或畸形给患者的生活带来不良影响,严重的可能会影响患者的身心健康。对于组织缺损和畸形进行修复,目前主要采用组织移植或组织代用品(生物材料)植入修复,以及组织工程技术进行组织重建。生物医用材料简称生物材料,作为组织代用品,符合现代医学的发展趋势——以无创修复代替有创修复。生物材料应用于人体内,也包括间接与人体接触的材料,是体内植入材料、医疗用材料和假肢用材料的总称,在临床医学上是非药物性的。国际标准化组织(International Organization for Standardization,ISO)1987年对生物材料的定义指以医疗为目的,

Tissue defect or deformity seriously affects the patient's appearance and activity,even his/her mental and physical health. In order to repair tissue defect and deformity,tissue transplantation,tissue substitute( biomaterials),and tissue engineering technique are rapidly developed in recent years. Many types of biomaterials and tissue engineered materials have been adopted to repair skin and soft tissue defect,and to be applied in augmentation for soft tissue deformity,and also deep tissue damage,including burn and plastic surgery,as well as other clinical disciplines. Common biomaterials and tissue engineered materials include wound dressing,silicone rubber,expanded polytetrafluoroethylene,high density polyethylene,hyaluronic acid for soft tissue repair,and also hydroxyapatite for hard tissue repair. This paper summarized the application and progress of the materials mentioned above.