艺术政治化:上海春节戏曲竞赛(1950-1951)

The politicization of arts:Shanghai Spring Festival Traditional Opera Contest(1950-1951)

1950—1951年,上海市政府先后举办两次春节戏曲竞赛,展示的是艺术政治化的发展趋势——戏曲作品从体现思想政治性到配合时事宣传工作,以达到统一思想、巩固政权的目的。然而组织机构的不健全,致使宣扬时政效果的持续性欠佳,因此,物色群众干部,组建国营剧团,成为推动戏曲改进工作的重要一步。由于群众干部、剧团成员多为竞赛获奖人员,因此,可以说,两次春节戏曲竞赛成为20世纪50年代大量国营剧团得以成立的一个重要诱因。

The Shanghai Spring Festival Traditional Opera Contest, held by Shanghai municipal government in 1950 and 1951 respectively, demonstrated the development of the politicization of arts. With the purpose of unifying ideology and consolidating regime,entries of the Contest reflected political thoughts and coordinated with political propaganda. However, the effect of publicity worked in snatches due to inadequate organization. In this regard, promoting cadres from the mass and establishing state-owned troupes became a vital step to further drive forward the traditional opera reform. Since most prize winners of the Contest became cadres and members of stated-owned troupes, it can be said that the Contest was an important incentive for the establishment of the massive state-run troupes in the 1950 s.