上海市文教系统“五·七”干校的变迁(1969-1978)

Evolution (1969-1978) on cultural and educational system "five-seven" cardre school in shanghai

'五·七'干校是'文革'期间,各地为贯彻毛泽东'五·七'指示,将干部、教师、演员等下放到农村进行体力劳动,改造世界观的场所。'五·七'干校史是研究中国当代史的重要课题。1969年8月,上海市电影、新闻出版系统各自建立'五·七'干校,均位于奉贤县境内的奉新地区。这两所学校经过数次调整变迁,于1975年4月在两校原址之上,组成上海市文教'五·七'干校,巴金、赵丹、柯灵、袁雪芬等数千人在此生活。1976年10月,'四人帮'被粉碎后,全国各级各地的'五·七'干校逐步撤销,上海市文教'五·七'干校最终于1978年11月停办。本文以上海市文教系统'五·七'干校的历史变迁为关注点,通过梳理干校纷繁复杂的演变线索再现那段特殊的政治文化史,对于拓展丰富当代政治史和文化史研究有一定价值。

"five-seven" cardre school is a place which was used to carry out MAO zedong’s instructions during the "cultural revolution" period,so that most of the cadres,teachers, actors were sent to the countryside to do physical work and therefore their world outlook would be changed at the same time. The study on history of "five-seven" cardre school is an important topic in study of Chinese contemporary history. In August 1969,the Shanghai film and news publishing system established their own "five-seven" cardre school, which were located in fengxin district, fengxian county. Both of the two schools have undergone several adjustments,and in April,1975,it formed the "five-seven" cardre school of Shanghai culture and education on the original location. In October 1976, after the "gang of four" was crushed,the "five-seven" cardre school all over the country were gradually abolished,and the "five-seven" cardre school in Shanghai was suspended in November 1978. This paper focuses on the historical changes of the "five-seven" cardre school of Shanghai, and reproduces the special political and cultural history by sorting out the complicated evolutionary clues. There is certain value for the development of contemporary political history and cultural history research.