发枝素对国光苹果萌芽发枝效果的研究

The Effect of Branching Agent on the Sprouting and Branching of Rails Apple (M. Pumila Mill)

萌芽力和成枝力低是国光苹果始果晚的限制因素,目前常规的农业技术措施尚不能解决这一问题。本研究在河北固安、霸县两地8年生同龄苹果园中同时进行,用拉丁方等田间设计方法,安排了3个因素(时期、部位、芽数)、9个水平的发枝素处理试验。1987年6月初对处理的162株树、11340个芽所得的实测数据,用数量化理论Ⅰ分析得出:(1)发枝素的使用对1年生枝的萌芽力和成枝力有显著效果。(2)萌芽前后不同时期应用发枝素有同等效果。(3)不同涂抹芽量在所用数量范围内不影响萌芽力。(4)在枝条的下部涂抹萌发效果最好。这些结果对萌芽力和成枝力差的国光等品种具有重要的实践意义。

The low capability of sprouting and branching is a major factor which restricts early bearing of Rails apple. So far, none of the agriculture technical treatments which have been normally applied can solve this problem. Synchron-istically performed in the eight-year-old Rails apple gardens in Gu'an' and Baxian of Hebei province,a branching agent treatment experiment according to three factors(saying period,location,bud amounts),each differing in nine levels,by means of Latin Square field designing was arranged. In early Jnue, besed on the theory of quantification, the author analysis on the data of 162 trees and 11340 buds that had been treated, the following results were derived. 1 . The application of the branching agent has obviously increased the ability of aprouting and branching of the one-year-old wood. 2.The effect is the same, no matter if the period of branching agent is applied before of after sprouting. 3. Within the quantification range, varying the amount of painted buds does not influence the ability of branching. 4. The percent of sprouting is highest when the painted buds are located on the lower part of the one-year-old wood. These results have important practical significance for apple varietis with low sprouting and branching capabilities such as Rails.