林木育种的今昔和展望

Forest Tree Improvement--Past, Present and Future

林木育种是以遗传进化规律为指导,研究林木选育和良种繁育的原理和技术。林木育种的根本任务是选育林木优良品种。品种是指在产量或品质方面符合生产需要、性状遗传稳定,能适应一定自然和栽培条件的林木群体。林木品种作为造林的基本繁殖材料,在营林生产中充分利用自然生产潜力,提高林产品产量和品质,增强林木抗性以及充分发挥森林多种效益等方面均有重要作用。现在,林木育种已成为营林工作的基本措施。

Reviewing the development of forest tree improvement the author emphasizes the importance of the following points for the future, (l) exploration and conservation of genetic resources, (2) organization of genetic tests and evaluation of breeding parameters, (3)study on sexual and vegetative propagation, (4) early test and acceralation of breeding generations, (5) discusion of breeding strategies for major species.