摘要
木质人造板是一种广泛应用的工程材料。它本身具有一定的吸声特性,不同种类的人造板采用特殊的生产工艺或加工处理后,可进一步改善其吸声效率。本试验就人造板的厚度、容重、表面加工、表面装饰及背后空气层的厚度等因素和吸声性能的关系进行了此较全面的研究。研究表明:人造板的特性和吸声性能有密切的关系,正确地控制各种人造板的生产工艺和产品特性,对改善其吸声效率有重要的作用。人造板的厚度及容重对其吸声效率有明显的影响,软质纤维板的容重在0.230—0.260克/立方厘米范围内;水泥刨花板的容重在0.55—0.65克/立方厘米(板厚35—55毫米)时,其吸声效果是比较理想的。人造板表面经过穿孔处理;或在背后增加空气层等方式控制后,可有助于改善其吸声效果。表面经装饰处理后,人造板的吸声效率是下降的。
This paper deals with some major factors concerning sound absorptivity of same kinds of wood based panels.Factors affecting the sound absorbing capacity of those panels are thickness,density surface quality,thickness of air layer,percentage of holes punctured,decoration performances and so on.Results revealed that sound absorbing copacity can be improved by the regulation of panel thickness or densities during manufacturing process.Sound absorbing capacity can be improved by increasing the air layer thickness.Increasing air layer thickness renders the panel thickness to be increased.The sound absorbing capacity also related to panel density.The lower the density is,the more sound energy it can absorb.Thus decreasing the density will improve sound absorbing capacity to a certain extent.Besides there are some other factors including varieties of materials,structures of panels,diameters and depths of punctured holes,Surface decorative materials etc.The optimum density varies with different kinds of panels,for softbo-ard it ranges from 0.230 to 0.260g/cm3,for cement particleboard from 0.55 to 0.65g/cm3. Sound absorbing capacity varies with the percentage of holes,High percentage brings about better results,because more sound energy can be absorbed by the wall of holes,and noise is reduced.Holes should be punctured before surface treatments,Otherwise efficiency will be lowered.
