摘要
本文所研究的泥石流,其特点在于固体迳流超饱和状态;即在水力作用之外还有重力作用。预报用于具有威胁生产和生活、且有严重潜在危险的泥石流。 预报的基础是以沟道系数(Ic) 为条件,遥测集水区内固体迳流最大供给量(M’max)和洪峰流量(Q)。遥测土体水分动态、土压、土体张力的变化,就可掌握水动压力的形成和变化。根据这些资料,结合泥石流的起动点和烈度的分析,就形成了长期监测,分区分级预报系统。 使用遥控摄像定时跟踪图示装置,可以提高预报的精度和质量。并于文中提出预报系统框图。
The occurence of the debris flow in this study is characterized by the oversaturation of solid load, i.e. it is effected not only by hydraulic power, but also by gravity. The purpose of the forecast is to predict the debris flow wbich would severely menace the safety of economic production and human life, or would be a potential danger.The principle of the forecast is to use telemetry for monitoring the maximum amount of solid load (M'max) and the peak discharge (Q) in the catchment area, with reference to the channel coefficient (Ic). While telemetering the changes in water content of the substratum, in earth pressure and earth tension, the dynamic hydraulic pressure is also deter- mined, on the basis of these data and the analysis of the starling points and intensities of the debris flows is formulated a system of forecasting, which could be used for long-term monitoring and predicting in different classes and different divisions.The precision and quality of the forecast would be much improved with a Video-type Timer Recorder System, A flow chart of the forecast system is given in the text as well.
