先天性心脏病并肺动脉高压围术期的治疗

TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION DURING PERI-OPERATION

对47例先天性心脏病（先心病）伴肺动脉高压的病人进行了手术。男31例,女16例,室间隔缺损22例,成人巨大房间隔缺损2例,室间隔缺损并房间隔缺损12例,室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭6例,原发孔房间隔缺损2例,室间隔缺损并主-肺动脉间隔缺损、右室双出口并动脉导管未闭及完全性肺静脉异位引流各1例。15例患者行右心导管检查,肺动脉压（73±24）mmHg,全肺阻力（78.0±61.2）kPa/（L/s）,7例患者术中测压,平均肺动脉压（55±13）mmHg,其余为超声心动测压（49±15）mmHg。术前给予吸氧、高压氧及前列腺素E1等治疗,术中应用抑肽酶及低温肺保护液肺动脉灌注等手段。手术死亡率4.3％（2/47）,术后并发症4.3％（2/47）。作者认为,先心病伴肺动脉高压病人围术期的合理治疗可减少术后并发症的发生。

Forty-seven patients with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension were treated surgically. Among them, 31 were male and 16 female. The age ranged from 2 to 47(13. 7± 11. 2) years. Gongenital heart abnormalities included ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 20, huge atrial septal defect (ASD) in 1, VSD+ASI) in 12, VSD with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 6, endocardial cushion in 2, VSD with aortopulmonary septal defect (APSD) in 1, double outlet right ventricle with PDA in 1 and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 1. Right heart catheterization was performed in 15 cases. The mean pulmonary artery pressure was (73 ± 24)mmHg, total pulmonary resistance was (78. 0 ±61. 2)kPa/(L/s). There were 7 cases examined in operation. Their mean pulmonary artery pressure was (55±13)mmHg. The others were examined by echocardiography. The mean pulmonary artery pressure was (49±15)mmHg. All patients were treated pre-op-eratively with oxygen inhalation therapy, hyperbaric oxygenation, prostaglandin E1 , respectively according to the degree of pulmonary hypertension. During cardiopulmonary bypass, pulmonary artery perfusion was performed with protective solution containing aprotinin for lung protection. Vasoactive drugs were routinely administrated postoperatively. There were 2 operative deaths with hospital mortality rate of 4. 3%. The cause of deaths was severe low cardiac output syndrome. The postoperative morbidity rate was 4. 3%. Our conclusion is proper peri-operative management could reduce post-operative mortality and morbidity for congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension.