最密切联系理论立法设计的缺陷及完善路径

The Legislation Design Flaws and Improvement Path of “The Most Significant Relationship Theory”

最密切联系理论是国际私法的基石之一,在世界各国得到了广泛而普遍的应用。在我国,该理论先后被体现在10部法律和近1/3的涉外案件中。然而现行法律规定和司法实践却反映出该理论在立法设计上存在缺乏体系性、明确性、严谨性以及可操作性等缺陷。我国的最密切联系理论应在立法布局、单行法之间的关系、条款表达、可操作性上进行相应改进以提升该理论在我国的价值。

The most significant relationship theory is one of the basis of the Private International Law and commonly used in all over the world.In China,this theory has been embodied in ten different legislations and nearly one-third of foreign-related cases.However,the existing legal provisions and judicial practice show that the legislation design has some flaws such as deficiency of system and clarity.The practice apartment does not know how to operate this theory.In China,we should adjust the legislation structure of this theory,clarify the relationship among different laws,regulate the expression of the provisions and improve the operability of the theory so that it can play agreater role in Chinese legislation.