儿童的“纯真”:批判及其解读

The “Innocence”of Children:Criticisms and Interpretations

在人类历史上,儿童的"纯真"这一概念有着神学的、哲学的以及审美的表达。现代以来,"纯真"逐渐被视作儿童特征的一个关键概念。但是,从1960年代起,西方的一些研究者开始从社会文化的视角研究童年,一方面通过历史、人类学及社会学的研究,呈现儿童多样的生活事实以颠覆儿童的"纯真";同时,也从"纯真"概念的思想根源、概念建构方式和动机等方面对其进行解构和批判,这些批判改变了"纯真"概念的建构方式、基本内涵和外延。我们需要在当代多学科视野中,基于发生学的立场重新解读儿童的"纯真"。

In human history,the 'innocence'of children has been expressed from the theological,philosophy and aesthetic approach as well.Also, 'innocence'has gradually been regarded as a key concept of children since modern times.However,researchers began to study on children from social culture perspective in western society since the 1960 s.Firstly,they criticize the 'innocence'of children by presenting the diverse daily life of children from approaches of history,anthropology,as well as sociology.Secondly,they attempt to criticize and deconstruct the 'innocence'from its ideological basis,its formation,and its motivation.These criticisms have changed the construction way 'innocence',the basic connotation and denotation of 'innocence'.Thus,we should reinterpret the 'innocence'of children based on the position of genetic approach and from the contemporary multidisciplinary perspectives.