对强人工智能及其理论预设的考察——基于中文屋论证的批判视角

A Study on Strong Artificial Intelligence and Its Theoretical Presupposition——Based on the Critical Perspective of Chinese Room Argument

强人工智能作为人工智能研究领域中的官方形象,在认知科学的发展进程中起到核心作用。而它的核心主张"程序即心灵"却受到学界众多理论的批判。其中,中文屋论证对强人工智能的批判最为彻底,表现在它直接从强人工智能背后的两个理论预设——计算机功能主义和图灵测试入手展开批判,进而揭示了其核心观点的错误。本文借助中文屋论证的批判视角,通过对强人工智能及其理论预设关系的考察,揭示其在本体论和认识论方面存在的问题。

As the official image in artificial intelligence field, strong artificial intelligence (Strong AI) has played an extremely important role in the development of cognitive science. But its key viewpoint "program is mind" has been a target of many theoretical critiques. Chinese room argument is the most thorough critique of strong AI, it directly criticizes computer functionalism and the Turing Test, which are theoretical presupposition of the Strong AI, and then reveals the error of its key viewpoint. With the critical perspective of the Chinese Room Argument, this paper attempts to discover the inconsistency of ontology and epistemology of Strong AI by studying on the relation between Strong AI and its theoretical presupposition.