经济制度距离与贸易发展——基于跨国面板数据的实证研究

Economic Institutional Distance and Trade Development——An Empirical Study Based on Cross-national Panel Data

通过计算一国与世界其他国家在经济制度方面的"平均制度距离",分析了这种距离对贸易发展的影响。同时,利用81个国家1995～2014年的跨国面板数据进行的实证检验证实了这种"平均制度距离"对一国的贸易发展有着显著的负向影响,即距离越小越有利于贸易的开展;进一步对影响机制的检验结果表明,制度距离的缩小主要是通过降低多边贸易成本、提高贸易自由度来实现对贸易发展的促进。此外,针对不同制度内涵的检验结果则显示,具体制度内涵上的相对差异对于贸易的影响也是不同的。

Different from existing research focusing on bilateral relationship,this paper calculates an'average institution distance'with spatial economic theory,to analyze the impact of which on trade development. Based on an empirical study using a panel data of 81 countries during 1995-2014,this paper verifies the negative influence of this'average institution distance ' on the trade development of a country,indicating that one country shall keep pace with the'world trend'on institutional development. Further analysis indicates that the narrowing of distance can improve trade expansion by decreasing multilateral trade costs,and enhancing trade freedom. In addition,empirical tests in connection with different institutional connotations reveal that relative diffenence in connotations of specific institutions have different impacts on trade development.