平菇处理小麦和水稻秸秆对纤维成分和体外瘤胃发酵特征的影响

Effects of Pleurotus ostreatus Treatment of Wheat and Rice Straw on Fiber Composition and in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics

本试验旨在研究平菇处理小麦和水稻秸秆对纤维成分和体外瘤胃发酵特征的影响。选用未处理和平菇处理的小麦和水稻秸秆作为发酵底物,通过瘘管采集3只成年湘东黑山羊的瘤胃液,进行体外模拟瘤胃发酵72 h试验。结果表明:平菇处理小麦秸秆显著降低酸性洗涤木质素含量(P<0.05),显著提高72 h总产气量、干物质降解率和甲烷产量(P<0.05);平菇处理水稻秸秆显著提高酸性洗涤木质素含量和氢气产量及含量(P<0.05),显著降低半纤维素含量、72 h总产气量、中性洗涤纤维降解率、挥发性脂肪酸浓度和甲烷产量及含量(P<0.05);此外,平菇处理小麦和水稻秸秆显著降低乙酸比例(P<0.05),显著提高丙酸比例(P<0.05)。由此得出,平菇处理小麦秸秆可降低木质素含量,有助于瘤胃纤维降解和丙酸生成;平菇处理水稻秸秆会增加木质素沉积,抑制瘤胃纤维降解以及挥发性脂肪酸和甲烷生成,造成氢气累积和丙酸生成。

The present study was to investigate the effects of Pleurotus ostreatus(P.ostreatus) treatment of wheat and rice straw on fiber composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics.Untreated and P.ostreatus treated wheat and rice straw were selected as fermentation substrates.Rumen fluid was collected from three adult Xiangdong black goats with permanent rumen fistula.In vitro ruminal fermentation was ended after72 h incubation.The results showed that P.ostreatus treatment of wheat straw significantly decreased acid detergent lignin content(P<0.05),significantly increased 72 h total gas production,dry matter degradation rate and methane production(P<0.05).P.ostreatus treatment of rice straw significantly increased acid detergent lignin content,hydrogen production and hydrogen content(P<0.05),and significantly reduced hemicellulose content,72 h total gas production,neutral detergent fiber degradation rate,volatile fatty acid concentration,methane production and methane content(P<0.05).Moreover,P.ostreatus treatment of wheat and rice straw significantly decreased the percentage of acetate(P<0.05),and significantly increased the percentage of propionate(P<0.05).In conclusion,P.ostreatus treatment of wheat straw decreases lignin content,promoting ruminal fiber degradation and propionate production enhancement.P.ostreatus treatment of rice straw increases lignin deposition,results in lower ruminal fiber degradation,volatile fatty acid and methane production,and facilitation of hydrogen and propionate production.