性别对舍饲牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of Gender on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Slaughter Performance of House-Feeding Yaks

本试验旨在研究性别对舍饲牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率和屠宰性能的影响。试验选取12头2.5岁、初重为(150.30±9.27) kg的健康麦洼牦牛,按性别分为2组,每组6头。试验牦牛在同一饲养条件下进行舍饲育肥,预试期为14 d,正试期为168 d。结果表明:1)在整个舍饲育肥期间,公牦牛组平均日采食量均高于母牦牛组,第19周公牦牛组的平均日采食量显著高于母牦牛组(P<0.05),其余各周组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。公牦牛组末重和平均日增重显著高于母牦牛组(P<0.05),料重比有低于母牦牛组的趋势(P=0.080)。2)母牦牛组有机物表观消化率显著高于公牦牛组(P<0.05),其余养分表观消化率组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)公牦牛组宰前活重显著高于母牦牛组(P<0.05),胴体重和净肉重有高于母牦牛组的趋势(P=0.078,P=0.058),而净肉率和屠宰率显著低于母牦牛组(P<0.05),其余指标组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,在相同舍饲育肥条件下,母牦牛具有更好的屠宰性能并且有机物表观消化率更高,而公牦牛具有更好的生长性能。

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of gender on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and slaughter performance of house-feeding yaks. Twelve healthy Maiwa yaks with 2.5 years of age and an initial body weight of (150.30±9.27) kg were divided into 2 groups with 6 yaks per group based on gender. All yaks were reared and finished under an identical management condition. The pretest period lasted for 14 days and the trial lasted for 168 days. The result showed as follows: 1) during the whole period of house-feeding,the average daily feed intake of the male yaks group was higher than that of the female yaks group,the average daily feed intake of the male yaks group was significantly higher than that of the female yaks group in the 19 th week (P<0.05),and other weeks were not found significant difference (P>0.05). The final body weight and average daily gain of the male yaks group were significantly higher than those of the female yaks group (P<0.05),and the feed/gain had a lowtendency than the female yaks group (P = 0.080). 2) Compared with the male yaks group,only a higher apparent digestibility of organic matter was found in the female yaks group (P < 0. 05),while the other nutrient apparent digestibility had no significant difference between groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the female yaks group,pre-slaughter live weight of male yaks group was significantly increased (P<0.05),the carcass weight and the net meat weight were tended to be higher than those of the female yaks group (P = 0. 078,P = 0. 058),but the net meat ratio and the slaughter ratio were significantly reduced (P < 0. 05),Other indicators were found no significant different between groups (P> 0. 05). In conclusion,under the same management conditions,the female yaks have better slaughter performance and higher apparent digestibility of organic matter,while the male yaks have better growth performance.