组织、领导传销活动罪：法益的嬗变与行为特质

The Crime of Organizing Pyramid Selling Activities:the Evolution of Legal Interest and Behavioral Trait

传销在不同的时代背景下经历了从经营型传销到诈骗型传销、再到互联网集资型传销的转变,无论在哪个发展阶段,传销犯罪属于诈骗犯罪或组织领导型犯罪的困惑始终影响着对本罪的正确理解和适用。对传销犯罪的分析可知,随着组织、领导传销活动罪的发展,本罪脱离了经营活动的范畴,不应当再以市场经济秩序为保护法益,本罪的主要保护法益是以风险可控性为内涵的社会稳定法益,次要保护法益是个人的财产法益。现行组织、领导传销活动罪也应当借助法益的违法性评价机能实现立法与司法上的完善。

Pyramid schemes experienced the transformation from commodity management pyramid selling to fraud pyramid selling,then to internet financing pyramid selling in different eras.No matter in which stage of development,the confusion that the pyramid selling crime belongs to fraud crime or organizational crime has always affected the correct understanding and application of this crime.Analysis of the pyramid selling crime shows that,with the development of the crime of organizing pyramid selling activities,the crime is separated from the scope of business activities,the order of the market economy should no longer be taken as the legal interest.The main legal interest of this crime is the legal interest about the social stability with risk controllability as its connotation,and the secondary legal interest is the legal interest about personal property.The current crime of organizing pyramid selling activities should be perfected in legislation and judicature by means of the illegal evaluation function of legal interest.