摘要
自古以来新闻观念在两条路线上发展:从弥尔顿到马克思、恩格斯的民主主义认为言论、新闻自由是人权,应该是人人都有;从柏拉图到毛泽东的精英主义实质上是认为言论、新闻自由是部分精英所有。两条路线的分水岭为是否承认人人平等。于是出现社会自由和阶级自由的分野。多数人自由、实质自由的说法都是用来支撑阶级自由的理论的。宪法和我国签字的国籍公约分别承认公民自由和人人自由,即社会自由。以互联网为代表的新的传播技术正在促进新闻自由走近每个公民。
Journalistic Conception goes on two different directions since its birth:the democrats embodied by the great minds from Milton to Marx and Engels holds that the freedom of press belongs to human rights,which should be entitled to everyone;the elitism embodied by those from Plato to Mao Zedong,actually decide that the freedom of speech should owned by elites.The watershed of the two lines is the premise that whether everyone is equal is admitted.This caused the distinction of social freedom and class freedom.The notion of the freedom of the majority and essential freedom are applied to support the theory of the freedom of class.The constitution and the international treaties China have signed respectively admit the freedom of citizens and individuals,that is,social freedom.The new communication technology symbolized by the Internet has being entitling every citizen to access to the freedom of press.
出处
《新闻与传播评论辑刊》
CSSCI
2008年第1期93-104,252,259,共14页
Journalism & Communication Review
关键词
新闻自由
民主主义新闻观念
精英主义新闻观念
社会自由
阶级自由
传播技术
the freedom of press democratic journalistic conception elitist journalistic conception social freedom freedom of classes communication technology