突发性灾难事件与中国公民社会形态的演进——汶川地震的传播社会学分析

Events about sudden disasters and the evolution of China's civil society——The analysis in communication sociology on Wenchuan Earthquake

在上世纪90年代之后,随着国家主导的市场经济改革开放的加速进行,"公民社会"的理念被引入中国,被当作建构现代意义上的中国社会的理论资源。基于中国特殊的国情,突发性灾难事件往往对公民社会的推进具有许多直接和间接的作用。本文以汶川地震这场国难为案例分析,认为汶川地震中从信息公开到非政府组织,从现实世界到虚拟的网络世界,从个人的公民素养到社会的动员等诸多方面都体现了中国公民社会形态的演进。媒介、公民与政府之间的良性互动,正是我们的现代社会要走向公共领域建设,走向政治文明、科学治理。

With the accelerating market economy and reform and opening lead by the government after 1990s,the concept of'civil society'was brought into China as the theory resource of constructing Chinese society in modern sense.Due to China' s special condition,events about sudden disasters tend to have direct or indirect influence on promoting the construction of civil society.By analyzing Wenchuan Earthquake,the national disaster,this paper believes the evolution of civil society of China is exemplified in many aspects,from information publicity to non-governmental organizations, the real world to the fictitious world of network,and citizen literacy to social mobilization.The interaction among media,citizens and the government is right the road we must follow,which leads our modern society to the construction of public domain,political civilization,scientific management,and social harmony.