黔中高原台面浅覆盖型岩溶塌陷监测方法研究——以安顺市玉碗井塌陷为例

On Monitoring Method of Karst Collapse in Shallow- cover Type Dolomite Region in Plateau in Central Guizhou——A Case of Subsidence Area of YuwanWell in Anshun

由于岩溶塌陷的产生在时间上具有突发性,在空间上具有隐蔽性,在机制上具有复杂性,因此,被普遍认为难以采取地面常规监测手段对塌陷进行监测预报。以贵州安顺玉碗井浅覆盖型白云岩塌陷区为例,运用岩溶管道裂隙系统水(气)压力监测方法对塌陷区进行监测,通过岩溶水压力变化速率和临界速率的比较、基岩面土层水力坡降和基岩面处的临界坡降的比较进行稳定性的判别。结果显示:岩溶水(气)压力的变化对塌陷具有触发作用,因此在岩溶塌陷风险区进行岩溶地下水开发时,建议加强岩溶塌陷的监测与预报。

Because the formation of karst collapse is sudden in time,is concealed in space and complicated in mechanism,therefore,it is widely considered it is difficult to take the ground routine monitoring method for subsidence monitoring and prediction.Took the subsistence area of Yuwan well in Anshun as an exaple,used water(gas)pressure monitoring method of karst pipeline fracture system for the subsidence monitoring.Stability is distinguished by comparison of karst water pressure change rate and critical rate,hydraulic slope of soil layer on the bedrock surface and critical slope on the bedrock surface.Results show that the karst water(gas)pressure changes have triggered effect on subsidence,therefore it is suggested to strengthen monitoring and prediction of karst collapse when in exploring karst groundwater in risk area of karst collapse.