昌吉市平原区地下水水质评价

Assessment of groundwater quality in plains of Changji city

采用单因子评价法对昌吉市平原区34组地下水水质监测数据进行水质评价,结果表明:昌吉市平原区地下水水质质量较好,以III类水为主,无I、II类水。潜水、承压水质量超标率分别为10.0%、21.4%。从潜水和承压水的劣化程度来看,昌吉市平原区的承压水质量劣于潜水质量。同时采用数理统计方法、piper三线图对昌吉市平原区地下水化学类型进行分析,可以看出,从倾斜平原到风积平原,地下水中各离子的含量与TDS均不断增加,越靠近沙漠区含量越高,地下水化学类型由HCO3·SO4—Ca·Na(Ca·Na·Mg)型逐渐过渡到HCO3—Na·Ca、HCO3·SO4—Na·Ca型。影响水质劣化的主要因素包括:自然因素(气候因素、地质因素)和人类活动(地下水开采和生活、工业、农业活动的影响)。

The single-factor evaluation method was used to evaluate the water quality of 34 groups of groundwater quality monitoring data in plains of changji city.The results showed that:The groundwater quality in plains of changji city was good,with class III as the mainly groundwater quality classification and no class I or II.The rate of over standard of unconfined water was 10.0%and the rate of over standard of unconfined water was 21.4%.From the deterioration degree of unconfined and confined water,the deterioration degree of confined groundwater quality was greater than unconfined water quality.At the same time,the test data of 34 groundwater samples plains of changji city were analyzed by mathematical statistics,piper diagrams.It can be seen that from the clinoplain to aeolian plain,the content of each ion and TDS in groundwater were increasing,and the closer the desert area is,the higher the content is.The hydrochemical type gradually evolved from HCO3—Ca·Mg(Ca·Na、Ca·Na·Mg)type to HCO3—Na·Ca、HCO3·SO4—Na·Ca type.The main reasons leading to deterioration of groundwater quality included natural factors(climatic factors,geological factors)and human activities(effects of groundwater exploitation and living,industrial and agricultural activities).