脑电图在急性高原病中的分布特征及预警探讨

Discussion on the distribution characteristics and preventive effects of EEG patterns in acute mountain sickness

目的探讨脑电图(EEG)在急性高原病(Acute mountain sickness,AMS)中的分布特征及预警作用。方法以2016年9-10月进藏人员为研究对象,共纳入符合标准的对象280名,采取集中流程式方法采集基本数据,由培训后的调查人员分工进行一般情况、路易斯湖评分、人机对话焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表测定、EEG采集等,随访3个月。结果 AMS患者94例,发病率为33%,其中中/重度21例(22.34%),发病率为0.36%;轻度73例(77.66%),发病率为26.67%;EEG异常检出率为7.9%(22/280),均为轻度异常EEG,正常无反应人群中EEG异常检查率为8.6%(16/186),轻度AMS中异常检出3例(4.1%),中/重AMS中异常检出3例(14.3%),EEG在轻度和中/重度AMS异常检出率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有纳入人员进行随访3个月无人发生重度高原病。结论 AMS中EEG主要表现为α节律不规则、不稳定,调节,调幅不佳;或两侧半球波幅差超过50%抑或δ活动轻度增多。在重度AMS中EEG异常检出率增加,提示其对AMS反应具有一定的判定作用。

Objective The purpose of the research is to study the distribution and early warning of electroencephalogram( EEG) in acute mountain sickness( AMS). Methods A total of 280 healthy young men were recruited from September 2016 to October 2016. The basic data were collected by the centralized flow method,the general situation of the division of the investigators after the training,the Lewis Lake score,the computer self-rating anxiety scale and depression scale,and the collection of EEG. Follow up in three months. Results 94 of the patients with AMS,morbidity is 33%,21( 22. 34%) of the patients are moderate to severe,73( 77. 66%) are mild,morbidity is 26. 67%. The abnormal detection rate of electrogram was 7. 9%( 22/280),which were mild EEG,normal EEG abnormal rate was 8. 6%( 16/186),abnormal detection rate of mild AMS was 4. 1%( 3/73),and the abnormal detection rate was 14. 3%( 3/21) in the medium/heavy AMS. The latter was significantly different from the previous( P < 0. 05). Three months follow-up of this group of patients with 0 case of high altitude disease. Conclusions The EEG in AMS is mainly a rhythm irregular,unstable,poor amplitude modulation; or two hemisphere volatility difference of more than 50% or slightly increased activity. The result is statistically significant,suggesting that EEG distributions has possible early warning of AMS.