豫北地区汉族无偿献血者血小板特异性抗原多态性研究

Polymorphism of Platelet Specific Antigens(HPA-1-5,15) in Han Donors in the North Area of Henan Province

目的:研究豫北地区汉族无偿献血人群血小板抗原(HPA-1-5、15)系统多态性,构建一定规模的血小板HPA基因资料库,为临床提供匹配的单采血小板。方法:随机采集豫北5地区500名汉族无偿献血者外周血,用PCR-SSP方法进行HPA-1-5、15系统基因分型。基因及基因型频率采用直接计数法检测,HPA基因频率的群体分布情况采用Hardy-weinberg平衡检验,与其他地区和种族比较采用χ~2检验。结果:豫北地区无偿献血人群HPA-1-5、15血型系统基因分别为1a0.985、1b0.015;2a0.924、2b0.076;3a0.469、3b0.531;4a1.000;5a1.000;15a0.532、15b0.468。HPA-1-5、15基因型频率分别为1aa0.970、1ab0.030;2aa0.848、2ab0.152;3aa0.222、3ab0.494、3bb0.284;4aa1.000;5aa1.000;15aa0.282、15ab0.500、15bb0.218。与中国汉族人群相比,豫北地区无偿献血人群HPA-3b、5a增高,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);与中国少数民族人群相比,HPA-3b、5a也升高,但HPA-2a降低(P﹤0.05)。与国外不同种族人群相比,HPA-1a、2a、3a、5a均有不同程度的升高。结论:豫北地区无偿献血人群HPA基因分布符合Hardy-weinberg平衡定律。与其他地区和国家资料相比,HPA显示出种族和地域性差异。豫北地区无偿献血人群HPA-3、15最具多态性。这为研究同种免疫性血小板减少症和开展血小板同型输注的相关研究提供理论依据。

Objective:To study the gene polymorphism distribution characteristics of human platelet HPA-1-5 and 15 blood group antigens and construct a certain scale of platelet HPA database in the north area of Henan Province so as to provide platelet apheresis for clinical departments.Methods:Using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP),the genotyping of HPA-1-5 and 15 system was carried out;the periperal blood of 500 healthy Han donors in north area of Henan Province was collected randomly,the gene and genotype frequencies were detected by direct counting method,and the population distribution frequncy of HPA genes was analyzed by Hardy-Weinberg balance test,and compared with other regions and ethnics by using X^2 test.Results:There was statistically significant(P <0.05) of increase HPA-3b and HPASa in North area of Henan Province,compared with Chinese Han population;the HPA-3b and 5a increase and HPA-2a decrease were statistically significant(P <0.05),compared with Ethnic minority of China.There was partly increase of HPA-1a,2a,3a and 5a,compared with different regions and ethnic in abroad.HPA allele genes of 500 Han donors in the North area of Henan Province were as follows:0.985 and 0.015 for la and1b;0.924 and 0.076 for 2a and 2b;0.469 and 0.531 for 3a and 3b;1.000 and 1.000 for 4a and 5a;0.532 and 0.468 for 15a and 15 b,respectively.HPA allele gene frequencies were 1aa0.970,1ab0.030;2aa0.848,2ab0.152;3aa0.222,3ab0.494,3bb0.284;4aal.000;5aa1.000;15aa0.282,15ab0.500,15bb0.218.Compared with other regions and ethnic,HPA gene frequencies partly had statistical significance.Conclusion:Distribution of HPA allele frequencies in the North area of Henan province is in accordence with the Hardy-Weinberg law.There are race and regional differences in HPA allele gene frequencies,compared with other regions and countries.And the HPA systems HPA-3 and 15 display the genetic polymorphisms,which provides a theoretical basis for the relevant research of the same type platelet infusion and alloimmune thrombocytopenia.