共产党情报局的建立及其目标——兼论冷战格局形成的概念界定

The Founding of the Cominform and Its Goal——Also on the Conceptual Definition in the Formation Cold War Pattern

苏联在第二次世界大战期间解散共产国际的主要意图是为了适应战后与西方盟国继续合作的战略需要 ,因此 ,尽管在战后日益感到应该加强对各国共产党的控制 ,却迟迟没有将成立国际组织的问题提到议事日程上来。 1 94 7年 ,法共和意共先后被驱逐出政府的事件 ,不仅预示着战后初期苏联奉行的共产党参加联合政府策略的失败 ,而且暴露出莫斯科对各国共产党行动方针的失控 ,马歇尔计划的提出及东欧各党的反应 ,进一步加强了斯大林的危机感 ,于是共产党情报局的诞生势在必行。共产党情报局建立的过程与苏联战后对外政策的演变以及冷战格局的形成是同步的 。

The disbanding of the Communist International by the Soviet Union during the Second World War was purported to continue cooperation with its Western allies as a strategic necessity. Therefore, despite the need it increasingly felt for tightening the control of the Communist parties in various countries it stalled the initiative to set up an international Communist organization once and again. The expulsion of the French and Italian Communist parties from their respective governments meant not only the doom of strategy of coalition government but also the loss of Soviet control over other Communist parties. The appearance of Marshal Plan and the reactions from Eastern European Communist parties aggravated Stalin's sense of danger and served as a catalytic agent for the birth of the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform). The founding of the Cominform was synchronous with the evolution of Soviet foreign policy and the formation of cold war pattern, leading finally to the beginning of cold war.