女真墓中出土铜铃的类型与功能探讨

Discussions on the Types and Functions of the Copper Bells Unearthed from Jurchen Tombs

辽金时期女真人墓葬中常出土铜铃,如俄罗斯的科尔萨科沃墓地、纳杰日金斯科墓地,中国黑龙江省哈尔滨新香坊墓地等;出土的铜铃有悬挂于腰铃上的,有与青铜牌饰伴出的,也有单个或成组出土的。这些出土铜铃的墓葬多为二次葬,铃铛也是被散放在墓中的。有些出自于墓主人腰部或骨盆位置,有些出自于墓主人手边上,还有一些则散落于墓中。对出土铜铃的类型学研究,可以加深我们对女真族文化风格的认识,对其功能的探讨,为我们进一步研究女真文化因素构成及其地域差异性,提供了更多的民族学佐证。

It is very common to see the copper bells from Jurchen tombs in Liao and Jin Dynasties, such as copper bells from Corsakovo Graves, Najjksco Graves, Neo-Xiangfang Graves in Harbin,etc. Some unearthened copper bells were hanged to the waist bells, some accompanied with Bronze Tablet, some are excavated individually or in packaged. The majority of the tombs with copper bells are the secondary burials, bells are usually scattered in the tombs. Studies on the typology of copper bells would strengthen our knowledge on Jurchen cultural style, while research on its functions would contribute much to the further studies on Jurchen culture's formation and regional disparity, and provided much evidences for ethnology studies.