德兴里壁画墓

Studies on the Tomb Murals of Dexinli

德兴里壁画墓位于朝鲜南浦市江西区德兴洞,是发现于20世纪70年代的一座高句丽时期的壁画墓。德兴里壁画墓的主人镇,可能是从前燕或后燕投奔到高句丽的官员,高句丽政权任命镇来管理今天的南浦一带。南浦德兴里壁画中发现的公元408年墨书墓志铭显示,墓主人作为释迦牟尼的弟子,同时也重视中国魏晋时代流行的葬地风水。德兴里壁画墓中有关于包括七宝供养在内的佛教仪式的内容,也有仙人、玉女等仙境场面,现世的生活在来世的场景中得以再现。从壁画的构成来看墓主人镇同时具有几种类型的来世观但并不感觉矛盾。镇同时具有佛教信仰、继世观、汉系文化等思想,反映了当时的南浦地区存在多文化融合的现象。这种多文化融合的状态也是德兴里壁画墓形成的基础。

The tomb murals of Dexingli is located at the Dexing holes in the Jaingxi district, Nampo city in North Korea. It is a mural tomb of Koguryo discovered in the 1970s. The tomb owner, Zhen, maybe an official fled to Koguryo from Former Yan or Latter Yan, was nominated as the magistrate to administrate the area of where Nampo located in nowadays. The epitaph written with ink in AD408 discovered in the tomb revealed the owner is a Buddhist who respected the popular geomancy in Wei and Jin Dynasties. The content of the murals includes the Buddhism ceremonies as well as immortals, fairies and other scenery of fairyland as well as the scenes of afterdeath. The phenomenon of Zhen who holds several ideologies for future-life in the same time, including Buddhism, circular life view, Han culture, was not contradictory, which reflected the cultural integration in Nampo.The multi-cultural integration also became the foundation of tomb murals of Dexingli.